{"id":37,"date":"2021-03-30T16:03:46","date_gmt":"2021-03-30T16:03:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/?page_id=37"},"modified":"2021-05-06T19:38:57","modified_gmt":"2021-05-07T02:38:57","slug":"exclusion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/exclusion\/","title":{"rendered":"Exclusion"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"37\" class=\"elementor elementor-37\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8306d46 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8306d46\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6a67ba\" data-id=\"e6a67ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d6e887 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"2d6e887\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"header\" data-elementor-id=\"22\" class=\"elementor elementor-22\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed8a7c4 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed8a7c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a301f8\" data-id=\"0a301f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2edc1d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-site-logo elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2edc1d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-site-logo.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"188\" src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cropped-archive_alive_logo_F-copy.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-279\" alt=\"Archive Alive Logo\" srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cropped-archive_alive_logo_F-copy.png 350w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cropped-archive_alive_logo_F-copy-300x161.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0f5311 cpel-switcher--align-left cpel-switcher--layout-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-polylang-language-switcher\" data-id=\"a0f5311\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"polylang-language-switcher.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"cpel-switcher__nav\"><ul class=\"cpel-switcher__list\"><li class=\"cpel-switcher__lang\"><a lang=\"en-US\" hreflang=\"en-US\" href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/exclusion\/\"><span class=\"cpel-switcher__name\">English<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"cpel-switcher__lang\"><a lang=\"zh-CN\" hreflang=\"zh-CN\" href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/zh\/%e6%8e%92%e8%8f%af\/\"><span class=\"cpel-switcher__name\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfa3abf\" data-id=\"dfa3abf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cb948d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cb948d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stories and Voices from L.A Chinatown<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18369ce elementor-nav-menu__align-right elementor-nav-menu--stretch elementor-nav-menu__text-align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"18369ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;full_width&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav migration_allowed=\"1\" migrated=\"0\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-18369ce\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-207\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-210\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/opportunity\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Opportunity<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-213\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/vision\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Vision<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-209\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/exclusion\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Exclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-211\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/resilience\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Resilience<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/community\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Community<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1435\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/tradition\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Tradition<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1249\"><a class=\"elementor-item\">|<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/contributors\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Contributors<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-216\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/explore\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Explore<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Menu<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-18369ce\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-207\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-210\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/opportunity\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Opportunity<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-213\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/vision\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Vision<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-209\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/exclusion\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Exclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-211\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/resilience\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Resilience<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/community\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Community<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1435\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/tradition\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Tradition<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1249\"><a class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">|<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-414\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/contributors\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contributors<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-216\"><a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/explore\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Explore<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55b00b86 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"55b00b86\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"s1top\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 2600 131.1\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.5\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.25\" d=\"M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-142e3cae\" data-id=\"142e3cae\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<main class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f31836f elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f31836f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c6425b2\" data-id=\"1c6425b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-135be20f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"135be20f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">EXCLUSION \u6392\u83ef<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-359ea62c elementor-drop-cap-yes elementor-drop-cap-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"359ea62c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;drop_cap&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After more than three decades of harassment, discrimination, and violence toward the Chinese throughout the American West, the U.S. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 to restrict Chinese immigration. Not repealed until 1943, it was and remains the only federal law implemented explicitly to prevent both the immigration and naturalization of an ethnic group. The policy of exclusion as well as public racist sentiment dominated the lives of Chinese Americans, and Chinatowns throughout the U.S. became the only realistic option for many Chinese to call home and conduct business. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-19a9952e\" data-id=\"19a9952e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-266750c elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"266750c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/wXYSo47NwU4&quot;,&quot;lazy_load&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;show_image_overlay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;image_overlay&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/exhibits.lapl.org\\\/chinatown\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/exclusion.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:2749,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;lightbox&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-lightbox\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox=\"{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;video&quot;,&quot;videoType&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/embed\\\/wXYSo47NwU4?feature=oembed&amp;start&amp;end&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;loop=0&amp;controls=1&amp;mute=0&amp;rel=0&amp;cc_load_policy=0&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;modalOptions&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;elementor-lightbox-266750c&quot;,&quot;entranceAnimation&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;entranceAnimation_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;entranceAnimation_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;videoAspectRatio&quot;:&quot;169&quot;}}\" 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https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusion-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusion-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusion-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1920px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1920\/1080;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-custom-embed-play\" role=\"button\" aria-label=\"Play Video\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-play\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-27ec516e elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"27ec516e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6dca287e\" data-id=\"6dca287e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-128d9112 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"128d9112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"#read-more\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Scroll for More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5265c005 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5265c005\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4b67b9e5 elementor-section-content-bottom elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4b67b9e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 2600 131.1\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.5\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.25\" d=\"M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a51d29a\" data-id=\"a51d29a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dea631b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5dea631b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"read-more\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-13ad16b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13ad16b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c06f307\" data-id=\"c06f307\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70a3e396 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"70a3e396\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Hong_A1_1a_11_photo_1.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Old Chinatown, around the intersection of Alameda and Marchessault Streets (early 1930s)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5sYXBsLm9yZ1wvY2hpbmF0b3duXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wM1wvSG9uZ19BMV8xYV8xMV9waG90b18xLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Hong_A1_1a_11_photo_1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-47 lazyload\" alt=\"Old Chinatown, around the intersection of Alameda and Marchessault Streets (early 1930s)\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 3600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 3600\/2817;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Huntington Library, Hong Family Papers.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73d8d15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73d8d15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Old Chinatown, around the intersection of Alameda and Marchessault Streets (early 1930s)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c082b3d\" data-id=\"1c082b3d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-710f4c85 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"710f4c85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tMy father and his family lived in what was called Old Chinatown, down where Union Station is. And they were given eviction notices to leave because they were going to build the train station. They didn't know what to do. They had stores and restaurants and life down in Chinatown.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">- Pat SooHoo Lem<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c872bd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2c872bd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-409decc6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"409decc6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76c9cce\" data-id=\"76c9cce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7949b124 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7949b124\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-23b1121a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"23b1121a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f752cf0\" data-id=\"f752cf0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-265202c8 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"265202c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tThis looks kind of dilapidated, scary almost. Did they actually get a better life when they came here? I feel like they struggled more here than back in the homeland.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\"> - Wesley Jiang<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-245e5f50\" data-id=\"245e5f50\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6da349ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6da349ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Street view of dwellings and businesses in Old Chinatown (1888)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjUzLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMubGFwbC5vcmdcL2NoaW5hdG93blwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMVwvMDNcL0VYLTItNDQ2ODE5XzE4ODguanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1209\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-653 lazyload\" alt=\"Street view of dwellings and businesses in Old Chinatown (1888)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888-1024x619.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888-768x464.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/EX-2-446819_1888-1536x929.jpg 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2000\/1209;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hdl.huntington.org\/digital\/collection\/p15150coll2\/id\/10788\/rec\/2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Huntington Library, Photographs of Los Angeles and Vicinity by W.H. Fletcher.<\/a><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b38d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b38d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Street view of dwellings and businesses in Old Chinatown (1888)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14f12366 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"14f12366\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-626cb95f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"626cb95f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63530123\" data-id=\"63530123\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-70a87bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70a87bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<main class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-42f109a4\" data-id=\"42f109a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ced9104 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5ced9104\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Y. C. Hong&#039;s certificate of identity, required for all Chinese in the U.S. for identification and tracking purposes (1921)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjIxLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMubGFwbC5vcmdcL2NoaW5hdG93blwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMVwvMDNcLzIwMTkwNjIwMDk1MDUxOTYyXzAwMDEuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2180\" height=\"892\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-221 lazyload\" alt=\"Y. C. Hong&#039;s certificate of identity, required for all Chinese in the U.S. for identification and tracking purposes (1921)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001.jpg 2180w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001-1024x419.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001-1536x628.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20190620095051962_0001-2048x838.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2180px) 100vw, 2180px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2180px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2180\/892;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Huntington Library, Hong Family Papers.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc9764f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc9764f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Y. C. Hong&#8217;s certificate of identity, required for all Chinese in the U.S. for identification and tracking purposes (1921)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-120beac\" data-id=\"120beac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ec06ed6 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"7ec06ed6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tIt's just disheartening having your own race targeted for discrimination. The Chinese Exclusion Act and the quotas based on race are in the history books and we learned about it in K-12 curriculum, but this was never part of it. I didn't know the extent of the exclusion, how demeaning it can be to a person's spirit.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">- Cindy Yan<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7182deb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7182deb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-762e7f66 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"762e7f66\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39cf7460\" data-id=\"39cf7460\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22f7a48b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"22f7a48b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2639df91 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2639df91\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-445cf59b\" data-id=\"445cf59b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57c86d35 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"57c86d35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tSo this is sad. It shows the proposed route of the freeway, you can see the on-ramp. It took out an area that included restaurants and cafes, demolished commercial buildings and residential spaces.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">- Eugene Moy<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-212068e9\" data-id=\"212068e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f237022 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f237022\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Sanborn Fire Insurance Atlas, future 101 Freeway onramp pasted over buildings of Old Chinatown slated for demolition (1940s)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9leGhpYml0cy5sYXBsLm9yZ1wvY2hpbmF0b3duXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDIxXC8wM1wvU2FuYm9ybi1BdGxhcy1Vbmlvbi1TdGF0aW9uLU9sZC1DaGluYXRvd25MQVBMLXNjYWxlZC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1770\" height=\"2560\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-46 lazyload\" alt=\"Sanborn Fire Insurance Atlas, future 101 Freeway onramp pasted over buildings of Old Chinatown slated for demolition (1940s)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-scaled.jpg 1770w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-207x300.jpg 207w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-708x1024.jpg 708w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-768x1111.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-1062x1536.jpg 1062w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Sanborn-Atlas-Union-Station-Old-ChinatownLAPL-1416x2048.jpg 1416w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1770px) 100vw, 1770px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1770px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1770\/2560;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Los Angeles Public Library, Map Collection.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b708774 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b708774\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sanborn Fire Insurance Atlas, future 101 Freeway on-ramp pasted over buildings of Old Chinatown slated for demolition (1940s)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6945d8de elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6945d8de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-410c1d09 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"410c1d09\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-394fe19b\" data-id=\"394fe19b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10e116d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"10e116d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f6e1d62 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f6e1d62\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-14cd75d3\" data-id=\"14cd75d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f8f89b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4f8f89b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Construction of 101 Freeway after forced relocation of Old Chinatown, Garnier Building (now the Chinese American Museum) in background (1949)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Njc2LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMubGFwbC5vcmdcL2NoaW5hdG93blwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMVwvMDRcL0VYLTUtQ29uc3RydWN0aW9uLW9mLTEwMS1OZWFyLUdhcm5pZXItQnVpbGRpbmctTEFQTC0wMDEwNDIxNS0xLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1540\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-676 lazyload\" alt=\"Construction of 101 Freeway after forced relocation of Old Chinatown, Garnier Building (now the Chinese American Museum) in background (1949)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1-300x231.jpg 300w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1-1024x788.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1-768x591.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-5-Construction-of-101-Near-Garnier-Building-LAPL-00104215-1-1536x1183.jpg 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2000\/1540;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tessa.lapl.org\/cdm\/ref\/collection\/photos\/id\/120641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Los Angeles Public Library, Harry Quillen Photo Collection.<\/a><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73495e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73495e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Construction of 101 Freeway after forced relocation of Old Chinatown, Garnier Building (now the Chinese American Museum) in background (1949)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3aa82ff0\" data-id=\"3aa82ff0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-500c332c elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"500c332c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tThe Garnier Building was going to be demolished when the City was building the freeway. A contingent of Chinese leaders and businessmen rallied together to declare it as a historical monument. They saved that building, but other buildings were demolished.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">- Dor\u00e9 Hall Wong<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cca6e13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2cca6e13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5610dbc6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5610dbc6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 2600 131.1\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.5\" d=\"M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z\"\/>\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" style=\"opacity:0.25\" d=\"M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37f651cd\" data-id=\"37f651cd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f29ab82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6f29ab82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-47061677 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"47061677\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe104f\" data-id=\"fe104f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14c91dbb elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--button-color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"14c91dbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tThe objective of my father [Y. C. Hong] in his practice was finding ways to legally unify families. Doing immigration work, he was very interested in civil rights for the Chinese in the United States. It was very hard on him when he would lose a case because he would know the family.\u201d\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">- Nowland C. Hong<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-258397d\" data-id=\"258397d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2333e436 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2333e436\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Hom Chuie and Hom Awk&#039;s immigration affidavit prepared by attorney Y. C. Hong (1936)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Njc0LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvZXhoaWJpdHMubGFwbC5vcmdcL2NoaW5hdG93blwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyMVwvMDRcL0VYLTYtSG9tLUFyay1hZmZhZGF2aXQtc2NhbGVkLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1961\" height=\"2560\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-674 lazyload\" alt=\"Hom Chuie and Hom Awk&#039;s immigration affidavit prepared by attorney Y. C. Hong (1936)\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-scaled.jpg 1961w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-230x300.jpg 230w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-784x1024.jpg 784w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-768x1003.jpg 768w, https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/EX-6-Hom-Ark-affadavit-1177x1536.jpg 1177w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1961px) 100vw, 1961px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1961px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1961\/2560;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Huntington Library, You Chung Hong Legal Papers.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1706886 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1706886\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hom Chuie and Hom Awk&#8217;s immigration affidavit prepared by attorney Y. C. Hong (1936)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5230b375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5230b375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6b7dabe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6b7dabe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-19aa420\" data-id=\"19aa420\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb14d78\" data-id=\"eb14d78\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee4f494 elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ee4f494\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/chinatown\/resilience\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Continue to Resilience \u97cc\u6027<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6adcd29 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6adcd29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-87361ca\" data-id=\"87361ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e927804 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"e927804\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"24\" class=\"elementor elementor-24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-38f14914 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"38f14914\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d1f79a3\" data-id=\"2d1f79a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c0eae elementor-align-center elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"86c0eae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/chinatown\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Back to Intro<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eb29b06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3eb29b06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Presented by:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-46584df elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46584df\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f577ee5\" data-id=\"f577ee5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cba9794 elementor-align-center elementor-hidden-phone elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cba9794\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/chinatown\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Back to Intro<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-df5beab\" data-id=\"df5beab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18df1ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"18df1ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.huntington.org\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/HGL_logo-p5e8evm6vk39udevqezy799qkrkmon0znngu7la0xa.png\" title=\"HGL_logo\" alt=\"The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens logo\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; 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title=\"LFLA_logo_blue_2017_70\" alt=\"LFLA_logo_blue_2017_70\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 70px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 70\/70;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-35a2b791\" data-id=\"35a2b791\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de8102f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"de8102f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/lapl.org\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/LAPL_Stacked_left-01-p4zivpev8i1mitqg9r75ba6b6hitrajz1pj7rofmn4.png\" title=\"LAPL_Stacked_left-01.png\" alt=\"Los Angeles Public Library Logo\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/48;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-20edc7eb\" data-id=\"20edc7eb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efed897 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"efed897\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#s1top\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Back to Top<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ae5637 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ae5637\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Made by WeAreGiants.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>EXCLUSION \u6392\u83ef After more than three decades of harassment, discrimination, and violence toward the Chinese throughout the American West, the U.S. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 to restrict Chinese immigration. Not repealed until 1943, it was and remains the only federal law implemented explicitly to prevent both the immigration and naturalization of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2757,"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions\/2757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exhibits.lapl.org\/chinatown\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}